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The Peloponnesian War was a war fought in ancient Greece between Athens and Sparta—the two most powerful city-states in ancient Greece at the time (431 to 405 B.C.E.). This war shifted power from Athens to Sparta, making Sparta the most powerful city-state in the region. … This eventually drew Sparta into the conflict.
How did the Persian Wars cause the Peloponnesian War?
The Peloponnesian war began after the Persian Wars ended in 449 BCE. The two powers struggled to agree on their respective spheres of influence, absent Persia’s influence. This disagreement led to friction and eventually outright war. Additionally, Athens and its ambitions caused increasing instability in Greece.
How did the Persian and Peloponnesian wars affect Athens?
The Persian Wars affected the Greek city-states because they came under the leadership of Athens and were to never again invade the Persian Armies. … The Peloponnesian wars affected them when it led to the decline of Athenian power and continued rivalry.
Who won the Peloponnesian War?
Athens was forced to surrender, and Sparta won the Peloponnesian War in 404 BC. Spartans terms were lenient. First, the democracy was replaced by on oligarchy of thirty Athenians, friendly to Sparta. The Delian League was shut down, and Athens was reduced to a limit of ten triremes.
Which of the following was a major cause of the Peloponnesian War?
The primary causes were that Sparta feared the growing power and influence of the Athenian Empire. The Peloponnesian war began after the Persian Wars ended in 449 BCE. This disagreement led to friction and eventually outright war. Additionally, Athens and its ambitions caused increasing instability in Greece.
How are Persia and Rome similar?
Both empires were ruled by officials representing all geographic regions. … They took over so many people groups that the needed a way to keep their empire in order. Second, they both had regionalized governments (for the lack of a better term). The Persians had satraps and the Romans have provincial governors.
What different plans did Athens and Sparta develop to win the Peloponnesian War?
What different plans did Athens and Sparta develop to win the Peloponnesian War? Athens used more warriors; Sparta used better technology. Athens had more food; Sparta had more weapons. Athens relied on siege tactics; Sparta relied on alliances.
What was the main reason that Athens and Sparta fought the Peloponnesian War?
The reasons for this war are sometimes traced back as far as the democratic reforms of Cleisthenes, which Sparta always opposed. However, the more immediate reason for the war was Athenian control of the Delian League, the vast naval alliance that allowed it to dominate the Mediterranean Sea.
What did Sparta gain from the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta. As a result of the Peloponnesian War, Sparta, which had primarily been a continental culture, became a naval power. At its peak, Sparta overpowered many key Greek states, including the elite Athenian navy.
Why was the Peloponnesian War called that?
The Peloponnesian War was fought between the Greek city-states of Athens and Sparta. … Athens ended up losing the war, bringing an end to the golden age of Ancient Greece. Where did the name Peloponnesian come from? The word Peloponnesian comes from the name of the peninsula in southern Greece called the Peloponnese.
How did the Peloponnesian War contribute to the expansion of Macedonia?
How did the Peloponnesian War contribute to the expansion of Macedonia? The Greeks were weak from fighting the Peloponnesian War so Phillip of Macedonia was able to easily conquer them. … Alexander hoped that Greek ideas, customs, and traditions would blend with the diverse cultures of the people he had conquered.
What impact did the outcome of the Peloponnesian War?
What impact did the outcome of the Peloponnesian War have on Greece? The Greek empire doubled in size. The Greek empire split, granting Sparta independence. The Greek Golden Age started to come to an end.
What was the main effect of the Persian wars?
The wars with the Persians affected ancient Greece greatly. The Athens were destroyed by the Persians, but the Athenians built the beautiful buildings that are important cultural aspects today. In Greek art, there are many scenes of Greeks fighting Persians. The wars also led to the unity between the Greeks.
What were the effects of the Persian wars?
Aftermath of the Persian Wars
As a result of the allied Greek success, a large contingent of the Persian fleet was destroyed and all Persian garrisons were expelled from Europe, marking an end of Persia’s advance westward into the continent. The cities of Ionia were also liberated from Persian control.
What was the main result of the Persian wars?
The result was that Athens won the Persian wars and that they stopped Persia from conquering Europe.
How did politics differ in Greece vs Persia?
How did Persian and Greek civilizations differ in their political organization and values? The Persians had a large, very centralized government, run by a single monarch, whereas the Greeks had a looser, more democratic, people based political structure.
What effect did the Peloponnesian War have on the city-states?
All Greek city-states were weakened by the war. Many casualties. Farms were destroyed. The war made it difficult for the Greeks to trust each other and made future unification nearly impossible.
What advantage did Athens have during the Peloponnesian War?
Athens did not have such a strong army as Sparta, but its navy was better developed. Athens did have another advantage, which was that many of their allies gave them financial support. The main disadvantage for the Athenians was that around 430 BCE, a plague struck Athens.
Why is the Peloponnesian War important?
The Peloponnesian War marked the end of the Golden Age of Greece, a change in styles of warfare and the fall of Athens, once the strongest city-state in Greece. The balance in power in Greece was shifted when Athens was absorbed into the Spartan Empire.
How many Peloponnesian Wars were there?
The Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta and their respective allies came in two stages: from c. 460 to 446 and from 431 to 404 BCE. With battles at home and abroad, the long and complex conflict was damaging to both sides.
Why did Athens lose Peloponnesian War?
In 430 BC, an outbreak of a plague hit Athens. The plague ravaged the densely packed city, and in the long run, was a significant cause of its final defeat. The plague wiped out over 30,000 citizens, sailors and soldiers, including Pericles and his sons. Roughly one-third to two-thirds of the Athenian population died.
What was the cause of the Peloponnesian War quizlet?
What caused the Peloponnesian War? Greece was not big enough for the Delian League and the Peloponnesian League to be in control. Each league was fighting for allegiance with the city-states.
In what was did Persian Empire and Roman Empire differ from each other?
Differences between the two empires are related to the degree to which they allowed for inclusion of diverse cultural groups. The Persian Empire was exclusionary. The Roman Empire was inclusionary. Roman inclusionary practices were based on merit.
What led to Rome’s fall?
Invasions by Barbarian tribes
The most straightforward theory for Western Rome’s collapse pins the fall on a string of military losses sustained against outside forces. Rome had tangled with Germanic tribes for centuries, but by the 300s “barbarian” groups like the Goths had encroached beyond the Empire’s borders.
Which type of government was used in the Persian Empire?
Type of Government
Based in what is now Iran, the Persian Empire combined an absolute monarchy with a decentralized administration and widespread local autonomy.
How did Athens and Sparta defeat the Persian Empire in the Persian wars?
They were sure of victory. However, the Athenian ships, called triremes, were fast and maneuverable. They rammed into the sides of the large Persian ships and sunk them. They soundly defeated the Persians causing Xerxes to retreat back to Persia.
How are Athens and Sparta similar?
One of the main ways they were similar was in their form of government. Both Athens and Sparta had an assembly, whose members were elected by the people. … Thus, because both parts of Athens’ government had leaders who were elected, Athens is said to have been the birthplace of democracy. Spartan life was simple.
Why did the Spartans won the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta and her allies won the Peloponnesian Wars due to the strength of the Spartan military, poor Athenian choices made in battle, and the physical state of Athens by the end of the war. … But, Athens could not compare with Sparta in terms of military power.
What happened after Sparta won the Peloponnesian War?
After the Peloponnesian War, the Spartans set up an oligarchy in Athens, which was called the Thirty. It was short-lived, and democracy was restored. … An even closer association with Sparta seemed the best way to remain in power, and Critias, whose loyalty to Sparta was not in doubt, became more influential.
What happened as a result of the Peloponnesian War quizlet?
What was the result of the Peloponnesian War? cities and crops were destroyed, thousands of Greeks died, the city-states’ military and economic power were weakened for 50 years.
Who won the Peloponnesian War quizlet?
The Athenians won victory over a Peloponnesian fleet, having sunk about 40 of 70 ships (something like that).
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