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Many factors led to the defeat of the Federalists, including better organization by the Democratic-Republicans, internal fighting between Adams and Hamilton supporters, and the controversy of the Alien and Sedition Acts. … Jefferson also had strong support in the free states; only New England solidly supported Adams.
What was innovative about this concept, which came to be known as federalism? … Federalism created principles for maintaining a supreme national government that shared power with the states. Federalism allowed the national government to collect taxes, support a military, borrow money, and create a national currency.
“Our country is too large to have all affairs directed by a single government.” Meaning: We should protect the interests of the small farmers, as they are the true Americans.
It was on this day in 1789 that Founding Father Benjamin Franklin wrote what was probably his last great quote, a saying about the Constitution and life that became true about five months later.
The Federalists, led by Secretary of Treasury Alexander Hamilton, wanted a strong central government, while the Anti-Federalists, led by Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson, advocated states’ rights instead of centralized power.
[ (jef-uhr-soh-nee-uhn) ] A movement for more democracy in American government in the first decade of the nineteenth century. The movement was led by President Thomas Jefferson. Jeffersonian democracy was less radical than the later Jacksonian democracy.
Led by Thomas Jefferson, whom they helped elect to the presidency for two terms (1801-1809), the Republicans believed in individual freedoms and the rights of states. They feared that the concentration of federal power under George Washington and John Adams represented a dangerous threat to liberty.
“We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal. . . .” “it is the great parent of science & of virtue: and that a nation will be great in both, always in proportion as it is free.” “our liberty depends on the freedom of the press, and that cannot be limited without being lost.”
On one side of the Constitution debate, anti-federalists wanted a small central government. They believed local governments best understood what citizens needed and would best protect citizens’ freedom. Anti-federalists opposed parts of the Constitution they thought limited the power of the states.
At the end of a long and bitter campaign, Jefferson and Burr each won 73 electoral votes, Adams won 65, and Pinckney won 64. … Hamilton favored Jefferson over Burr, and he convinced several Federalists to switch their support to Jefferson, giving Jefferson a victory on the 36th ballot.
The Twelfth Amendment (Amendment XII) to the United States Constitution provides the procedure for electing the president and vice president. It replaced the procedure provided in Article II, Section 1, Clause 3, by which the Electoral College originally functioned.
“The Revolution of 1800,” as Jefferson described his party’s successful election many years later, was “as real a revolution in the principles of our government as that of 1776 was in its form.” … Jefferson’s election inaugurated a “Virginia dynasty” that held the presidency from 1801 to 1825.
Many of the ideas of New Federalism originated with Richard Nixon. As a policy theme, New Federalism typically involves the federal government providing block grants to the states to resolve a social issue.
What did Federalists believe about the proper role of elected officials? They should respond to shifts in public opinion quickly. They should rule on behalf of the people, but be independent of direct popular influence.
“The powers contained in a constitution… ought to be construed liberally in advancement of the public good.” … Hamilton said “Yes.” The Constitution lets the government pass all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out its duties. Creating a bank, he argued, is simply a means to an end.
Jefferson and Hamilton Study Guide. “All communities divide themselves into the few and the many. The first are the rich and well born; the other, the mass of people… The people are turbulent and changing; they seldom judge or determine right.
Jefferson in Opposition
(A) restrictive interpretation of the word “necessary” is also contrary to this sound maxim of construction: namely, that the powers contained in a constitution ought to be construed liberally in advancement of the public good.
Franklin was a federalist (small f) in the sense of supporting the new constitution. He was central to the writing and formulation of the original Articles of Confederation. The articles were based on the Law of the Great Peace of the Iroquois Confederacy, the oldest written constitution in the world.
“Our liberty cannot be guarded but by the freedom of the press, nor that be limited without danger of losing it.” –Thomas Jefferson to John Jay, 1786.
On September 17, 1787, delegates left the Constitutional Convention in Independence Hall in Philadelphia. As they exited, Benjamin Franklin was asked what kind of government do we have? “A Republic,” he replied, “if you can keep it.”